<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Math/DTD/mathml2/xhtml-math11-f.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<head>
<OBJECT ID="mathplayer" CLASSID="clsid:32F66A20-7614-11D4-BD11-00104BD3F987"> <!--comment required to prevent this becoming an empty tag--></OBJECT>
<?IMPORT NAMESPACE="m" IMPLEMENTATION="#mathplayer" ?>
<!--
 <script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=MML_HTMLorMML" />
-->
<script src="https://polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?features=es6"></script>
<script id="MathJax-script" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js"></script>


<meta name="GENERATOR" content="TtM 3.72" />
 <style type="text/css">
 div.p { margin-top: 7pt; }
 span.roman {font-family: serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;} 
</style>
<title>A.II.3.15</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/mathdisplay.css" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="feladat">
<b>Feladat: 3.15.</b><br /> <a name="a_ii_tobbszoroskiemeles_100718_HP_03" /><a href="bib_box.php?mode=sne-s-j-&amp;citation_num=" target="bib_box" onclick="mutat('bib_box.php?mode=sne-s-j-&amp;citation_num='); return false;"></a>Bizonyítsuk be, hogy egy

<m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>n</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math>-edfokú valós együtthatós - nem azonosan nulla - polinomnak legfeljebb <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>n</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math> db (valós) gyöke van!
<br />&nbsp;<br /></div>
<div class="feladat">
<a name="_solution_a_ii_tobbszoroskiemeles_100718_HP_03" /><b>Megoldás: 3.15</b><br />
Az állítást <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>n</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math>-re vonatkozó indukcióval igazoljuk. Ha <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>n</m:mi><m:mo>=</m:mo><m:mn>0</m:mn></m:mrow></m:math>, akkor a polinom konstans, de nem azonosan <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mn>0</m:mn></m:mrow></m:math>, tehát nincs gyöke, ahogy állítottuk. Tegyük fel, hogy <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>n</m:mi><m:mo>&gt;</m:mo><m:mn>0</m:mn></m:mrow></m:math> és legfeljebb <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>n</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math>-edfokú polinomokra az állítás igaz. Ha <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>p</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo><m:mi>x</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo></m:mrow></m:math>-nek <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>a</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math> gyöke, akkor kiemelhető belőle <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>x</m:mi><m:mo>-</m:mo><m:mi>a</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math> és a hányadospolinomnak, <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>q</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo><m:mi>x</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo></m:mrow></m:math>-nek az indukció miatt már legfeljebb <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>n</m:mi><m:mo>-</m:mo><m:mn>1</m:mn></m:mrow></m:math> gyöke lehet. De ha <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>b</m:mi><m:mo>&ne;</m:mo><m:mi>a</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math> gyöke <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>p</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo><m:mi>x</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo></m:mrow></m:math>-nek, akkor <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mn>0</m:mn><m:mo>=</m:mo><m:mi>p</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo><m:mi>b</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo><m:mo>=</m:mo><m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo><m:mi>b</m:mi><m:mo>-</m:mo><m:mi>a</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo><m:mi>q</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo><m:mi>b</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo></m:mrow></m:math> miatt <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>b</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math> gyöke <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>q</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">(</m:mo><m:mi>x</m:mi><m:mo stretchy="false">)</m:mo></m:mrow></m:math>-nek. Vagyis legfeljebb <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>n</m:mi><m:mo>-</m:mo><m:mn>1</m:mn></m:mrow></m:math> ilyen <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>b</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math> van, <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>a</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math>-val együtt legfeljebb <m:math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">

<m:mrow><m:mi>n</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math> darab gyök.
<br />&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br /></div>
</body></html>
